J.CAC VOLUME 41 (2016)
Characterization of Artificial Stone Used for Outdoor Monuments and Sculptures in Quebec
Artificial stone is often employed in sculptural work and architectural details in Quebec, including many monuments that have fallen into disrepair. During this collaborative project between the Canadian Conservation Institute and the Centre de conservation du Québec, 16 samples were taken from 12 sculptures across Quebec and were analyzed by means of stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, thin-section petrography and X-ray diffraction. Some aspects of the analysis, for instance the confirmation of the presence of clinker, proved to be challenging due to the restrictions on sample size required in conservation work. The results indicate that more than half of the sculptures analyzed were hydraulic cement-based artificial stone. The remaining sculptures were made of Coade stone, or lime-, gypsum- or dolomite-containing materials. This research provides a limited survey of artificial stones in Quebec and will help guide conservators in selecting proper treatments for these works by allowing identification and better understanding of the materials.
Download: JCAC41 Duguay et al